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to wave the big stick

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1 stick ****

[stɪk] stuck vb: pt, pp
1. n

(gen) bastone m, (twig) ramoscello, (support for plants) asticella, bastoncino, (of celery, rhubarb) gambo, (of shaving soap) stick m inv, (of dynamite) candelotto

dried sticks — rametti secchi

he walks with a stick — cammina con il bastone

a stick of celery — un gambo di sedano

to wave the big stick fig — fare il (la)prepotente

to get hold of the wrong end of the stick fig — fraintendere

a few sticks of furniture — pochi mobili mpl sgangherati

to live in the sticks fam — abitare a casa del diavolo

to give sb stick fig — fare un cicchetto a qn

2. vt

1) (with glue etc) incollare

to stick two things together — incollare due cose

he was sticking stamps into his album — attaccava i francobolli nell'album

she stuck the envelope down — incollò la busta

2) (thrust, poke: hand etc) ficcare, (sth pointed: pin, needle) conficcare, piantare

he stuck his hand in his pocket — ficcò una mano in tasca

to stick a knife into sb — accoltellare qn

3) (fam: place, put) mettere

stick it in your case — mettilo or ficcalo nella borsa

he picked up the papers and stuck them in his briefcase — ha raccolto i documenti e li ha ficcati nella valigetta

4) (fam: tolerate) sopportare

I can't stick it any longer — non ne posso più

5)

to be stuck — (door, window) essere bloccato (-a), (knife, screw) essere incastrato (-a)

it's stuck in my throat — mi si è conficcato in gola

to be stuck with sb/sth fam — doversi sorbire qn/qc, dover sopportare qn/qc

I'm stuck in bed — sono inchiodato a letto

I'm stuck at home all day — sono bloccato a casa tutto il giorno

3. vi

(glue, sticky object etc) attaccarsi, appiccicarsi, (food, sauce) attaccarsi, (get jammed: door, lift) bloccarsi, (lock) incepparsi, (in mud etc) impantanarsi, (sth pointed) conficcarsi

it stuck to the wall — è rimasto attaccato al muro

the rice stuck to the pan — il riso s'è attaccato

the nickname seems to have stuck fam — sembra che il soprannome gli (or le etc) sia rimasto

to stick to sb's wheel — (Cycling) incollarsi alla ruota di qn

it stuck in my mind — mi è rimasto in mente

she will stick at nothing to get what she wants — è capace di tutto per ottenere quello che vuole

just stick at it and I'm sure you'll manage it — non mollare e sono sicuro che riuscirai a farlo

•

- stick around

- stick by

- stick in

- stick on

- stick out

- stick to

- stick together

- stick up

- stick up for

- stick with

English-Italian dictionary > stick ****
2 wave ****

[weɪv]
1. n

1) (gen) Phys, Radio onda, (in hair, on surface) ondulazione f, (fig : of enthusiasm, strikes etc) ondata

in waves — a ondate

short/medium/long wave Radio — onde fpl corte/medie/lunghe

the new wave Cine — la nouvelle vague, Mus la new wave

he was knocked over by a big wave — è stato travolto da una grossa onda

2) (greeting) cenno di saluto, (signal) gesto, cenno

to give sb a wave — salutare qn con la mano

with a wave of his hand — con un cenno della mano

a friendly wave — un cenno amichevole

2. vt

1) (brandish: flag, banner, handkerchief) sventolare, (stick, umbrella) agitare, (beckon, motion) far segno a

he waved the ticket under my nose — mi sventolò il biglietto sotto il naso

to wave sb goodbye; wave goodbye to sb — salutare qn con la mano

she waved a greeting to the crowd — salutò la folla con un cenno della mano

he waved us over to the best table — ci indicò con la mano il tavolo migliore

2) (hair) ondulare

3. vi

1) (person) gesticolare

to wave to or at sb — fare un cenno a qn

he waved at me — mi ha fatto un cenno con la mano

2) (flag, branches etc) ondeggiare, sventolare

3) (hair) essere mosso (-a) or ondulato (-a)

•

- wave about

- wave aside

- wave down

- wave off

- wave on

English-Italian dictionary > wave ****
3 break

breik
1. past tense - broke; verb
1) (to divide into two or more parts (by force).) romper, quebrar

2) ((usually with off/away) to separate (a part) from the whole (by force).) partir

3) (to make or become unusable.) romper

4) (to go against, or not act according to (the law etc): He broke his appointment at the last minute.) quebrantar, infringir; cancelar

5) (to do better than (a sporting etc record).) batir

6) (to interrupt: She broke her journey in London.) interrumpir

7) (to put an end to: He broke the silence.) romper

8) (to make or become known: They gently broke the news of his death to his wife.) anunciar, comunicar, hacer público

9) ((of a boy's voice) to fall in pitch.) mudar, cambiar

10) (to soften the effect of (a fall, the force of the wind etc).) amortiguar

11) (to begin: The storm broke before they reached shelter.) romper, estallar, desatarse

2. noun
1) (a pause: a break in the conversation.) interrupción, pausa

2) (a change: a break in the weather.) cambio

3) (an opening.) abertura, grieta

4) (a chance or piece of (good or bad) luck: This is your big break.) oportunidad

•

- breakable

3. noun
((usually in plural) something likely to break.) objeto frágil

- breakage
- breaker
- breakdown
- break-in
- breakneck
- breakout
- breakthrough
- breakwater
- break away
- break down
- break into
- break in
- break loose
- break off
- break out
- break out in
- break the ice
- break up
- make a break for it

break¹ n

1. descanso / pausa / recreo

what about a short break? ¿qué os parece una pausa?

2. vacaciones (cortas)

I need a break necesito unas vacaciones

3. ruptura

the break with her husband was difficult la ruptura con su marido fue difícil

4. fractura / rotura

it was a bad break and he had to go into hospital era una rotura grave y tuvieron que ingresarlo

break² vb

1. romper / romperse

he dropped the cup and it broke se le cayó la taza y se rompió

she broke her leg se rompió la pierna

2. partir

I broke the loaf of bread in half partí la barra de pan por la mitad

3. batir

she broke the world record batió el récord mundial

4. faltar a / no cumplir

you broke your promise faltaste a tu palabra

5. infringir

that is breaking the law eso es infringir la ley

El pasado de break es broke y el participio pasado es broken

break

tr[breɪk]

noun

1 (in leg etc) rotura

2 (in relationship) ruptura

3 (in meeting) descanso, pausa; (in broadcast) interrupción nombre femenino; (at school) recreo

4 SMALLSPORT/SMALL (billiards, snooker) tacada

5 SMALLMETEOROLOGY/SMALL (in clouds) claro; (in weather) cambio

6 (chance) oportunidad nombre femenino

7 (on stock exchange) baja

8 SMALLSPORT/SMALL (tennis) break nombre masculino

9 SMALLMUSIC/SMALL (jazz) break nombre masculino

10 (in voice) gallo

transitive verb (pt broke tr[brəʊk], pp broken tr['brəʊkən])

1 romper

2 (record) batir

3 (promise, word) faltar a

4 (law, contract) violar, infringir

5 (news) comunicar

6 (code) descifrar

7 (mystery, case) resolver

8 (fall) amortiguar

9 (journey) interrumpir

10 (tame) domar

11 SMALLELECTRICITY/SMALL (circuit) cortar, interrumpir

intransitive verb

1 romperse

2 (storm) estallar

3 (stock exchange) bajar

4 (meeting, session) parar

5 (disperse) dispersarse

6 (voice) cambiar

7 (health) quebrantarse

8 (spot, abcess) reventar

9 (waves) romper, reventar

\

SMALLIDIOMATIC EXPRESSION/SMALL

to break cover salir al descubierto

to break even salir sin ganar ni perder

to break free evadirse

to break ground figurative use abrirse un nuevo camino

to break somebody's heart partir el corazón a alguien

to break into song ponerse a cantar

to break it off terminar una relación

to break the ice figurative use romper el hielo

to break one's neck (in fall etc) desnucarse 2 (make a great effort) matarse

to break one's word no cumplir su palabra

to break open abrir forzando

to break out in spots salirle a uno granos

to break ranks SMALLMILITARY/SMALL romper filas

to break somebody's neck figurative use (assault) romperle el hocico a alguien

to break the back of a job haber hecho la parte más difícil de un trabajo

to break the bank hacer quebrar la banca

to break a strike romper una huelga

to break something to pieces hacer algo añicos

to give somebody a break dar una oportunidad a alguien

to make a break for it intentar fugarse

it's make or break time es la hora de la verdad

to take a break tomarse una pausa, tomarse un descanso

break it up! (in fight) ¡basta ya!

without a break sin descansar, sin parar

at break of day al amanecer

break ['breɪk] v, broke ['bro:k] ; broken ['bro:kə n] ; breaking vt

1) smash: romper, quebrar

2) violate: infringir, violar, romper

3) surpass: batir, superar

4) crush, ruin: arruinar, deshacer, destrozar

to break one's spirit: quebrantar su espíritu

5) : dar, comunicar

to break the news: dar las noticias

6) interrupt: cortar, interrumpir

break vi

1) : romperse, quebrarse

my calculator broke: se me rompió la calculadora

2) disperse: dispersarse, despejarse

3) : estallar (dícese de una tormenta), romper (dícese del día)

4) change: cambiar (dícese del tiempo o de la voz)

5) decrease: bajar

my fever broke: me bajó la fiebre

6) : divulgarse, revelarse

the news broke: la noticia se divulgó

7)

to break into : forzar, abrir

8)

to break out of : escaparse de

9)

to break through : penetrar

break n

1) : ruptura f, rotura f, fractura f (de un hueso), claro m (entre las nubes), cambio m (del tiempo)

2) chance: oportunidad f

a lucky break: un golpe de suerte

3) rest: descanso m

to take a break: tomar(se) un descanso

break (Aside, Theater)

n.

• aparte s.m. (Clearing)

n.

• claro s.m. (Communications)

n.

• pausa s.f.

• punto s.m.

n.

• abertura s.f.

• quebrantamiento s.m.

• quiebra s.f.

• rompimiento s.m.

• rotura s.f.

• ruptura s.f.

v.

(§ p.,p.p.: broke, broken) = arruinar v.

• cascar v.

• deshacer v.

(§pres: -hago, -haces...) pret: -hic-

pp: -hecho

fut/c: -har-•)

• despedazar v.

• desvencijar v.

• domar v.

• estropear v.

• interrumpir (Teléfono) v.

• parar v.

• partir v.

• quebrantar v.

• quebrar v.

• romper v.

• trincar v.

I
1. breɪk
(past broke; past p broken) transitive verb

1) \<\<window/plate\>\> romper*; \<\<stick\>\> partir, romper*, quebrar* (AmL)

I've broken my pencil — se me ha roto la punta del lápiz

he broke his wrist — se rompió la muñeca

she broke the chocolate into four pieces — partió el chocolate en cuatro trozos

2) ( render useless) \<\<machine\>\> romper*, descomponer* (AmL)

3) ( violate) \<\<rule\>\> infringir*, violar; \<\<promise\>\> no cumplir, faltar a; \<\<contract\>\> incumplir, romper*; \<\<strike\>\> romper*; law 1) b), word I 3)

4) ( end) \<\<strike\>\> poner* fin a; \<\<drug ring\>\> desarticular; \<\<impasse\>\> salir* de; \<\<habit\>\> dejar

5)

a) ( ruin) \<\<person/company\>\> arruinar a

b) ( crush) \<\<person\>\> destrozar*, deshacer*; heart 2), spirit I 3), will II 1) b)

6) ( impart)

to break something (to somebody): Sue broke the news to him Sue le dio la noticia; they broke it to her gently — se lo dijeron con mucho tacto

7) ( exceed) \<\<record\>\> batir

8)

a) ( interrupt) \<\<circuit\>\> cortar; \<\<fast/silence\>\> romper*

b) ( disrupt) \<\<pattern/monotony\>\> romper*

9) (breach, pierce) \<\<soil\>\> roturar

I haven't broken the skin — no me he abierto la piel

10)

a) ( get into) \<\<safe\>\> forzar*

we broke the toolbox open — abrimos la caja de herramientas forzándola

b) ( escape from) (AmE) \<\<jail\>\> escaparse or fugarse* de

c) ( decipher) \<\<code\>\> descifrar

11) ( tame) \<\<horse\>\> domar

2.

break vi

1)

a) \<\<window/plate\>\> romperse*; \<\<stick\>\> partirse, romperse*, quebrarse* (AmL)

my watch broke — se me rompió el reloj

b) ( separate)

a splinter group which broke from the party — un grupo disidente que se escindió del partido; loose I 2)

2) ( give in) \<\<resistance\>\> desmoronarse, venirse* abajo

she broke under constant interrogation — no resistió el constante interrogatorio

3)

a) ( begin) \<\<storm\>\> estallar; \<\<day\>\> romper*, apuntar, despuntar

b) ( change) \<\<weather\>\> cambiar

his voice is breaking — le está cambiando or mudando la voz

his voice broke — ( with emotion) se le entrecortó la voz

c) ( become known) \<\<story\>\> hacerse* público

4) \<\<wave/surf\>\> romper*

5) ( adjourn) parar, hacer* una pausa

to break for lunch — parar para almorzar

6) ( happen) (AmE colloq)

things are breaking well for me — me están saliendo bien las cosas; even II 2)

7) (in snooker, pool) abrir* el juego

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- break away

- break down

- break in

- break into

- break off

- break out

- break through

- break up

- break with

II

noun

1)

a) (Rad, TV) pausa f (comercial); ( Theat) entreacto m, intermedio m

b) ( rest period) descanso m; ( at school) (BrE) recreo m

we have a coffee break at 11 — a las 11 paramos para tomar un café

we worked without a break — trabajamos sin parar or descansar

c) ( short vacation) vacaciones fpl

d) (change, respite) cambio m

I need a break from all this — necesito descansar de todo esto; ( a holiday) necesito un cambio de aires

give me a break! — (colloq) déjame en paz!, no me embromes! (AmL fam)

2)

a) ( gap) interrupción f

b) ( in circuit) ruptura f, corte m

3) ( fracture) fractura f, rotura f

4) (chance, opportunity) (colloq) oportunidad f

he got a break — se le presentó una oportunidad

5) (separation, rift) ruptura f

to make a clean break — cortar por lo sano

he made a break with his past life — rompió or cortó con su pasado

6) ( sudden move)

he made a break for the door — corrió hacia la puerta

7) ( escape) fuga f, evasión f (frml)

8) (in snooker, pool) tacada f, serie f; ( in tennis) ruptura f, quiebre m

9) ( beginning) (liter)

at (the) break of day — al rayar el alba (liter)

10) ( discount) (AmE colloq) descuento m

[breɪk] (vb: pt broke) (pp broken)
1. N

1) (=fracture) rotura f ; (in bone) fractura f ; (fig) (in relationship) ruptura f

to make a break with — romper con

2) (=gap) (in wall etc) abertura f, brecha f ; (=crack) grieta f ; (Typ) (on paper etc) espacio m, blanco m ; (Elec) (in circuit) corte m

• a break in the clouds — un claro entre las nubes

3) (=pause) (in conversation) interrupción f, pausa f ; (in journey) descanso m, pausa f ; (=stop) parada f ; (=holiday) vacaciones fpl ; (=rest) descanso m ; (=tea break) descanso m para tomar el té, once(s) f(pl) (LAm); (Brit) (Scol) recreo m

• a break in continuity — una solución de continuidad

• give me a break! — ¡dame un respiro!; (impatient) ¡déjame, anda!

• to have or take a break — descansar, tomarse un descanso

to take a weekend break — hacer una escapada de fin de semana

• with a break in her voice — con la voz entrecortada

• a break in the weather — un cambio del tiempo

• without a break — sin descanso or descansar

4) * (=chance) oportunidad f

• to give sb a break — dar una oportunidad a algn

• lucky break — golpe m de suerte, racha f de buena suerte

5) (=break-out) fuga f

• to make a break for it * — tratar de fugarse

6)

• at break of day — liter al amanecer

7) (Tennis) ruptura f

• two breaks of service — dos servicios rotos

8) (Billiards, Snooker) tacada f, serie f

9) (=vehicle) break m, volanta f (LAm)

2. VT

1) (=smash) [+ glass etc] romper; [+ branch, stick] romper, quebrar (LAm); [+ ground] roturar; [+ code] descifrar; [+ conspiracy] deshacer; [+ drugs ring etc] desarticular

• to break one's back — romperse la columna

I'm not going to break my back to finish it today — no me voy a matar para terminarlo hoy

• to break sb's heart — romper or partir el corazón a algn

• to break one's leg — romperse la pierna

break a leg! * — (Theat) ¡buena suerte!

• to break surface — [submarine, diver] emerger, salir a la superficie

- break the ice
spirit 1., 3)
2) (=surpass) [+ record] batir, superar

3) (=fail to observe) [+ law, rule] violar, quebrantar; [+ appointment] no acudir a

he broke his word/promise — faltó a su palabra/promesa

to break a date — faltar a una cita

4) (=weaken, destroy) [+ resistance, spirits] quebrantar, quebrar (LAm); [+ health] quebrantar; [+ strike] romper, quebrar (LAm); [+ habit] perder; [+ horse] domar, amansar; [+ bank] (in gambling) quebrar, hacer quebrar; [+ person] (financially) arruinar; (morally) abatir, vencer

• to break sb of a habit — quitar una costumbre a algn

5) (=interrupt) [+ silence, spell] romper; [+ journey] interrumpir; [+ electrical circuit] cortar, interrumpir

6) (=soften) [+ force] mitigar, contener; [+ impact, fall] amortiguar

7) (=disclose) [+ news] comunicar (to a)

8) (=leave)

• to break camp — levantar el campamento

• to break cover — salir al descubierto

• to break ranks — romper filas

9)

• to break sb's serve or service — (Tennis) romper el servicio de algn

10) (Naut) [+ flag] desplegar

11) (US)
*
can you break me a 100-dollar bill? — ¿me puede cambiar un billete de 100 dólares?

3. VI

1) (=smash) [window, glass] romperse; (into pieces) hacerse pedazos

2) (=be fractured) [chair] romperse, partirse; [branch, twig] romperse, quebrarse (LAm); [limb] fracturarse; [boil] reventar; (fig) [heart] romperse, partirse

3) (=cease to function) [machine] estropearse

4) (=arrive) [dawn, day] apuntar, rayar; [news] darse a conocer; [story] revelarse; [storm] estallar; [wave] romper

5) (=give way) [health, spirits] quebrantarse; [weather] cambiar; [heat wave] terminar; [boy's voice] mudarse; [singing voice] cascarse; [bank] quebrar

6) (=pause)

• let's break for lunch — vamos a hacer un descanso para comer

7)

• to break free — (from chains, ropes etc) soltarse; (fig) liberarse

• to break loose — desatarse, escaparse; (fig) desencadenarse

8)

• to break even — cubrir los gastos

9) (Boxing) separarse

10) (Billiards, Snooker) abrir el juego

11) (Sport) [ball] torcerse, desviarse

4.

CPD

break dancer N — bailarín(-ina) m / f de break

break dancing N — break m

break point N — (Tennis) punto m de break, punto m de ruptura; (Comput) punto m de interrupción

- break away

- break down

- break forth

- break in

- break into

- break off

- break out

- break through

- break up

- break with

* * *

I
1. [breɪk]
(past broke; past p broken) transitive verb

1) \<\<window/plate\>\> romper*; \<\<stick\>\> partir, romper*, quebrar* (AmL)

I've broken my pencil — se me ha roto la punta del lápiz

he broke his wrist — se rompió la muñeca

she broke the chocolate into four pieces — partió el chocolate en cuatro trozos

2) ( render useless) \<\<machine\>\> romper*, descomponer* (AmL)

3) ( violate) \<\<rule\>\> infringir*, violar; \<\<promise\>\> no cumplir, faltar a; \<\<contract\>\> incumplir, romper*; \<\<strike\>\> romper*; law 1) b), word I 3)

4) ( end) \<\<strike\>\> poner* fin a; \<\<drug ring\>\> desarticular; \<\<impasse\>\> salir* de; \<\<habit\>\> dejar

5)

a) ( ruin) \<\<person/company\>\> arruinar a

b) ( crush) \<\<person\>\> destrozar*, deshacer*; heart 2), spirit I 3), will II 1) b)

6) ( impart)

to break something (to somebody): Sue broke the news to him Sue le dio la noticia; they broke it to her gently — se lo dijeron con mucho tacto

7) ( exceed) \<\<record\>\> batir

8)

a) ( interrupt) \<\<circuit\>\> cortar; \<\<fast/silence\>\> romper*

b) ( disrupt) \<\<pattern/monotony\>\> romper*

9) (breach, pierce) \<\<soil\>\> roturar

I haven't broken the skin — no me he abierto la piel

10)

a) ( get into) \<\<safe\>\> forzar*

we broke the toolbox open — abrimos la caja de herramientas forzándola

b) ( escape from) (AmE) \<\<jail\>\> escaparse or fugarse* de

c) ( decipher) \<\<code\>\> descifrar

11) ( tame) \<\<horse\>\> domar

2.

break vi

1)

a) \<\<window/plate\>\> romperse*; \<\<stick\>\> partirse, romperse*, quebrarse* (AmL)

my watch broke — se me rompió el reloj

b) ( separate)

a splinter group which broke from the party — un grupo disidente que se escindió del partido; loose I 2)

2) ( give in) \<\<resistance\>\> desmoronarse, venirse* abajo

she broke under constant interrogation — no resistió el constante interrogatorio

3)

a) ( begin) \<\<storm\>\> estallar; \<\<day\>\> romper*, apuntar, despuntar

b) ( change) \<\<weather\>\> cambiar

his voice is breaking — le está cambiando or mudando la voz

his voice broke — ( with emotion) se le entrecortó la voz

c) ( become known) \<\<story\>\> hacerse* público

4) \<\<wave/surf\>\> romper*

5) ( adjourn) parar, hacer* una pausa

to break for lunch — parar para almorzar

6) ( happen) (AmE colloq)

things are breaking well for me — me están saliendo bien las cosas; even II 2)

7) (in snooker, pool) abrir* el juego

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- break away

- break down

- break in

- break into

- break off

- break out

- break through

- break up

- break with

II

noun

1)

a) (Rad, TV) pausa f (comercial); ( Theat) entreacto m, intermedio m

b) ( rest period) descanso m; ( at school) (BrE) recreo m

we have a coffee break at 11 — a las 11 paramos para tomar un café

we worked without a break — trabajamos sin parar or descansar

c) ( short vacation) vacaciones fpl

d) (change, respite) cambio m

I need a break from all this — necesito descansar de todo esto; ( a holiday) necesito un cambio de aires

give me a break! — (colloq) déjame en paz!, no me embromes! (AmL fam)

2)

a) ( gap) interrupción f

b) ( in circuit) ruptura f, corte m

3) ( fracture) fractura f, rotura f

4) (chance, opportunity) (colloq) oportunidad f

he got a break — se le presentó una oportunidad

5) (separation, rift) ruptura f

to make a clean break — cortar por lo sano

he made a break with his past life — rompió or cortó con su pasado

6) ( sudden move)

he made a break for the door — corrió hacia la puerta

7) ( escape) fuga f, evasión f (frml)

8) (in snooker, pool) tacada f, serie f; ( in tennis) ruptura f, quiebre m

9) ( beginning) (liter)

at (the) break of day — al rayar el alba (liter)

10) ( discount) (AmE colloq) descuento m

English-spanish dictionary > break
4 break

1. transitive verb,
broke, broken

1) brechen; (so as to damage) zerbrechen; kaputtmachen (ugs.); aufschlagen [Ei zum Kochen]; zerreißen [Seil]; (fig.): (interrupt) unterbrechen; brechen [Bann, Zauber, Schweigen]

break something in two/in pieces — etwas in zwei Teile/in Stücke brechen

the TV/my watch is broken — der Fernseher/meine Uhr ist kaputt (ugs.)

2) (fracture) sich (Dat.) brechen; (pierce) verletzen [Haut]

he broke his leg — er hat sich (Dat.) das Bein gebrochen

break one's/somebody's back — (fig.) sich/jemanden kaputtmachen (ugs.)

break the back of something — (fig.) bei etwas das Schwerste hinter sich bringen

break open — aufbrechen

3) (violate) brechen [Vertrag, Versprechen]; verletzen, verstoßen gegen [Regel, Tradition]; nicht einhalten [Verabredung]; überschreiten [Grenze]

break the law — gegen das Gesetz verstoßen

4) (destroy) zerstören, ruinieren [Freundschaft, Ehe]

5) (surpass) brechen [Rekord]

6) (abscond from)

break jail — [aus dem Gefängnis] ausbrechen

7) (weaken) brechen, beugen [Stolz]; zusammenbrechen lassen [Streik]

break somebody's heart — jemandem das Herz brechen

break somebody — (crush) jemanden fertig machen (ugs.)

break the habit — es sich (Dat.) abgewöhnen; see also academic.ru/44727/make">make 1. 15)

8) (cushion) auffangen [Schlag, jemandes Fall]

9) (make bankrupt) ruinieren

break the bank — die Bank sprengen

it won't break the bank — (fig. coll.) es kostet kein Vermögen

10) (reveal)

break the news that... — melden, dass...

11) (solve) entschlüsseln, entziffern [Kode, Geheimschrift]

12) (Tennis)

break service/somebody's service — den Aufschlag des Gegners/jemandes Aufschlag durchbrechen. See also broken 2.
2. intransitive verb,
broke, broken

1) kaputtgehen (ugs.); entzweigehen; [Faden, Seil:] [zer]reißen; [Glas, Tasse, Teller:] zerbrechen; [Eis:] brechen

somebody's heart is breaking — jemandem bricht das Herz

break in two/in pieces — entzweibrechen

2) (crack) [Fenster-, Glasscheibe:] zerspringen

my back was nearly breaking — ich brach mir fast das Kreuz

3) (sever links)

break with somebody/something — mit jemandem/etwas brechen

4)

break into — einbrechen in (+ Akk.) [Haus]; aufbrechen [Safe]

he broke into a sweat — ihm brach der Schweiß aus

break into a trot/run — etc. zu traben/laufen usw. anfangen

break into a banknote — eine Banknote anbrechen

break out of prison — etc. aus dem Gefängnis usw. ausbrechen

5)

break free or loose [from somebody/somebody's grip] — sich [von jemandem/aus jemandes Griff] losreißen

break free/loose [from prison] — [aus dem Gefängnis] ausbrechen

6) [Welle:] sich brechen (on/against an + Dat.)

7) [Wetter:] umschlagen

8) [Wolkendecke:] aufreißen

9) [Tag:] anbrechen

10) [Sturm:] losbrechen

11)

somebody's voice is breaking — jemand kommt in den Stimmbruch; (with emotion) jemandem bricht die Stimme

12) (have interval)

break for coffee/lunch — [eine] Kaffee-/Mittagspause machen

13) (become public) bekannt werden
3. noun
1) Bruch, der; (of rope) Reißen, das

break [of service] — (Tennis) Break, der od. das

a break with somebody/something — ein Bruch mit jemandem/etwas

break of day — Tagesanbruch, der

2) (gap) Lücke, die; (Electr.): (in circuit) Unterbrechung, die

3) (sudden dash)

they made a sudden break [for it] — sie stürmten plötzlich davon

4) (interruption) Unterbrechung, die

5) (pause, holiday) Pause, die

during the commercial breaks on TV — während der Werbespots im Fernsehen

take or have a break — [eine] Pause machen

6) (coll.): (fair chance, piece of luck) Chance, die

lucky break — große Chance

that was a bad break for him — das war Pech für ihn

Phrasal Verbs:

- break away

- break down

- break in

- break into

- break off

- break out

- break out of

- break through

- break up

* * *
[breik] 1. past tense - broke; verb
1) (to divide into two or more parts (by force).) brechen

2) ((usually with off/away) to separate (a part) from the whole (by force).) abbrechen

3) (to make or become unusable.) vernichten

4) (to go against, or not act according to (the law etc): He broke his appointment at the last minute.) brechen

5) (to do better than (a sporting etc record).) (einen Rekord etc.) brechen

6) (to interrupt: She broke her journey in London.) abbrechen

7) (to put an end to: He broke the silence.) brechen

8) (to make or become known: They gently broke the news of his death to his wife.) beibringen

9) ((of a boy's voice) to fall in pitch.) brechen

10) (to soften the effect of (a fall, the force of the wind etc).) brechen

11) (to begin: The storm broke before they reached shelter.) losbrechen
2. noun
1) (a pause: a break in the conversation.) die Pause

2) (a change: a break in the weather.) der Umschwung

3) (an opening.) die Lücke

4) (a chance or piece of (good or bad) luck: This is your big break.) der Durchbruch

•

- breakable
3. noun
((usually in plural) something likely to break.) der zerbrechliche Gegenstand

- breakage
- breaker
- breakdown
- break-in
- breakneck
- breakout
- breakthrough
- breakwater
- break away
- break down
- break into
- break in
- break loose
- break off
- break out
- break out in
- break the ice
- break up
- make a break for it
* * *

break

[breɪk]

I. NOUN

1. (fracture) Bruch m; (in glass, pottery) Sprung m; (in rock, wood) Riss m; MED Bruch m

2. (gap) Lücke f; (in rock) Spalt m; (in line) Unterbrechung f

3. (escape) Ausbruch m

to make a \break ausbrechen

4. (interruption) Unterbrechung f, Pause f; esp BRIT SCH (during classes) Pause f; (holiday) Ferien pl

coffee/lunch \break Kaffee-/Mittagspause f

Easter/Christmas \break Oster-/Weihnachtsferien pl

commercial \break TV, RADIO Werbung f

to have [or take] a \break eine Pause machen

we decided to have a short \break in Paris wir beschlossen, einen Kurzurlaub in Paris zu verbringen

to need a \break from sth eine Pause von etw dat brauchen

5. METEO

\break of day Tagesanbruch m

a \break in the weather ( liter) ein Wetterumschwung m

6. (divergence) Bruch m

a \break with family tradition ein Bruch mit der Familientradition

7. (end of relationship) Abbruch m

to make a clean/complete \break einen sauberen/endgültigen Schlussstrich ziehen

to make the \break [from sb/sth] die Beziehung [zu jdm/etw] abbrechen

8. (opportunity) Chance f, Gelegenheit f

she got her main \break as an actress in a Spielberg film sie hatte ihre größte Chance als Schauspielerin in einem Spielbergfilm

9. SPORT (in tennis)

\break [of serve] Break m o nt; (in snooker, billiards) Anstoß m

10. COMM ( fam: sharp fall) plötzlicher und starker Einbruch von Preisen und Kursen

11. COMPUT

\break key Pause-Taste f

12.

▶ give me a \break! ( fam: knock it off!) hör auf [damit]!; (give me a chance) gib mir eine Chance!

II. TRANSITIVE VERB

<broke, broken>

1. (shatter)

▪ to \break sth etw zerbrechen; (in two pieces) etw entzweibrechen; (force open) etw aufbrechen; (damage) etw kaputt machen fam; (fracture) etw brechen

we heard the sound of \breaking glass wir hörten das Geräusch von zerberstendem Glas

to \break an alibi ( fig) ein Alibi entkräften

to \break one's arm sich dat den Arm brechen

to \break one's back [or AM ass] ( fig fam) sich akk abrackern [o abstrampeln] fam

to \break sb's back ( fig) jdm das Kreuz brechen fig

to \break a bottle/a glass eine Flasche/ein Glas zerbrechen

to \break an egg ein Ei aufschlagen

to \break sb's heart ( fig) jdm das Herz brechen geh

to \break a nail/tooth sich dat einen Nagel/Zahn abbrechen

to \break sb's nose jdm die Nase brechen

to \break sth into smithereens etw in [tausend] Stücke schlagen

to \break the sonic [or sound] barrier die Schallmauer durchbrechen

to \break a window ein Fenster einschlagen

2. (momentarily interrupt)

▪ to \break sth etw unterbrechen

I need something to \break the monotony of my typing job ich brauche etwas, das etwas Abwechslung in meine eintönige Schreibarbeit bringt

to \break sb's fall jds Fall abfangen

to \break a circuit ELEC einen Stromkreis unterbrechen

to \break step [or stride] aus dem Gleichschritt kommen; MIL aus dem Schritt fallen

3. (put an end to)

▪ to \break sth etw zerstören

to \break the back of sth BRIT, AUS das Schlimmste einer S. gen hinter sich akk bringen

we can \break the back of this work today if we really try wenn wir uns ernsthaft bemühen, können wir diese Arbeit heute zum größten Teil erledigen

to \break camp das Lager abbrechen

to \break a deadlock einen toten Punkt überwinden, etw wieder in Gang bringen

to \break a habit eine Gewohnheit aufgeben

to \break sb of a habit jdm eine Angewohnheit abgewöhnen

to \break an impasse [or a stalemate] aus einer Sackgasse herauskommen

to \break a romantic mood eine romantische Stimmung kaputt machen fam

to \break the peace/a record/the silence den Frieden/einen Rekord/das Schweigen brechen

to \break a spell einen Bann brechen

to \break sb's spirit jdn mutlos machen

to \break a strike einen Streik brechen

to \break the suspense [or tension] die Spannung lösen

4. SPORT

to \break a tie in Führung gehen, einen Führungstreffer erzielen

▪ to \break sb TENNIS jdm das Aufschlagspiel abnehmen

5. (violate)

▪ to \break sth etw brechen

to \break an agreement eine Vereinbarung verletzen

to \break a date eine Verabredung nicht einhalten

to \break a/the law ein/das Gesetz übertreten

to \break a treaty gegen einen Vertrag verstoßen

to \break one's word sein Wort brechen

6. (forcefully end)

▪ to \break sth etw durchbrechen

to \break sb's hold sich akk aus jds Griff befreien

7. (decipher)

to \break a cipher/a code eine Geheimschrift/einen Code entschlüsseln

8. (make public)

▪ to \break sth etw bekanntgeben; JOURN etw veröffentlichen

▪ to \break sth to sb jdm etw mitteilen [o sagen]

\break it to me gently! ( hum) bring's mir schonend bei!

how will we ever \break it to her? wie sollen wir es ihr nur sagen?

to \break the news to sb jdm die Nachricht beibringen

9. (separate into parts)

▪ to \break sth etw auseinanderreißen

to \break bread REL das [heilige] Abendmahl empfangen

to \break bread [with sb] ( dated liter) [mit jdm] das Brot brechen veraltet [o sein Brot teilen]

to \break a collection [or set] eine Sammlung auseinanderreißen

10. (make change for)

to \break a note [or AM bill] einen Geldschein wechseln [o fam kleinmachen

11. (crush spirit)

▪ to \break sb jdn brechen [o fam kleinkriegen]

her spirit had been broken by the regime in the home das in dem Heim herrschende System hatte sie seelisch gebrochen

▪ to \break an animal (tame) ein Tier zähmen; (train) ein Tier abrichten

to \break sb's will jds Willen brechen

12. (leave)

to \break cover MIL aus der Deckung hervorbrechen; (from hiding place) aus dem Versteck herauskommen

to \break formation MIL aus der Aufstellung heraustreten

to \break rank MIL aus dem Glied treten

to \break rank[s] ( fig) die eigenen Reihen verraten

to \break ship sich akk beim Landgang absetzen

13. (open up)

to \break ground den ersten Spatenstich machen

to \break fresh [or new] ground ( fig) Neuland [o neue Gebiete] erschließen

14.

▶ to \break the bank ( hum) die Bank sprengen

▶ to \break the ice ( fam) das Eis brechen

▶ \break a leg! ( fam) Hals- und Beinbruch! fam

▶ you can't make an omelette without \breaking eggs ( saying) wo gehobelt wird, da fallen Späne prov

▶ to \break the mould innovativ sein

▶ sticks and stones may \break my bones [but names will never hurt me] ( saying) Beschimpfungen können mir nichts anhaben

▶ to \break wind einen fahrenlassen fam

III. INTRANSITIVE VERB

<broke, broken>

1. (shatter) zerbrechen; (stop working) kaputtgehen fam; (fall apart) auseinanderbrechen

2. (interrupt) Pause machen

shall we \break [off] for lunch? machen wir Mittagspause?

3. wave sich akk brechen

a wave broke over the boat eine Welle brach über dem Boot zusammen

4. (change in voice)

her voice was \breaking with emotion vor Rührung versagte ihr die Stimme

the boy's voice is \breaking der Junge ist [gerade] im Stimmbruch

5. METEO weather umschlagen; dawn, day anbrechen; storm losbrechen

6. (collapse under strain) zusammenbrechen

7. (become public) news, scandal bekannt werden, publikwerden, ans Licht kommen

8. (in billiards, snooker) anstoßen

9. BOXING sich akk trennen

10. (move out of formation) clouds aufreißen; crowd sich akk teilen; MIL, SPORT sich akk auflösen

11. MED [auf]platzen

the waters have broken die Fruchtblase ist geplatzt

12.

▶ to \break even kostendeckend arbeiten

▶ to \break free ausbrechen, sich akk befreien

▶ to \break loose sich akk losreißen

▶ it's make or \break! es geht um alles oder nichts!

* * *
[breɪk] vb: pret broke, ptp broken
1. NOUN

1) = fracture in bone, pipe Bruch m; (GRAM, TYP = word break) (Silben)trennung f

... he said with a break in his voice —... sagte er mit stockender Stimme

break in the circuit (Elec) — Stromkreisunterbrechung f

2) = gap Lücke f; (in rock) Spalte f, Riss m; (in drawn line) Unterbrechung f

row upon row of houses without a break — Häuserzeile auf Häuserzeile, ohne Lücke or lückenlos

3) = pause ALSO BRIT SCH Pause f; (in journey) Pause f, Unterbrechung f

without a break — ohne Unterbrechung or Pause, ununterbrochen

to take or have a break — (eine) Pause machen

at break (Sch) — in der Pause

after the break (Rad, TV) — nach der Pause

give me a break! ( inf, expressing annoyance ) — nun mach mal halblang! (inf)

4) = end of relations Bruch m

5) = change Abwechslung f

break in the weather — Wetterumschwung m

6) = respite Erholung f

the playgroup gives parents a break — die Spielgruppe verschafft den Eltern etwas Erholung

7) = holiday Urlaub m

I'm looking forward to a good break — ich freue mich auf einen schönen Urlaub

8)

at break of day — bei Tagesanbruch

9) = escape inf Ausbruch m

they made a break for it — sie versuchten zu entkommen

10) = opportunity inf

to have a good/bad break — Glück or Schwein (inf) nt/Pech nt haben

we had a few lucky breaks — wir haben ein paar Mal Glück or Schwein (inf) gehabt

she had her first big break in a Broadway play — sie bekam ihre erste große Chance in einem Broadwaystück

11) BILLIARDS Break nt or m, Serie f

2. TRANSITIVE VERB

1) in pieces = fracture bone sich (dat) brechen; stick zerbrechen; (= smash) kaputt schlagen, kaputt machen; glass, cup zerbrechen; window einschlagen; egg aufbrechen

to break sth from sth — etw von etw abbrechen

to break one's leg — sich (dat) das Bein brechen

break a leg! ( US : inf ) — Hals- und Beinbruch!

2) = make unusable toy, chair kaputt machen

3) = violate promise, treaty, vow brechen; law, rule, commandment verletzen; appointment nicht einhalten

to break bail — die Haftverschonung brechen

4) = interrupt journey, silence, fast unterbrechen; spell brechen; monotony, routine unterbrechen, auflockern

to break a holiday short (Brit) — einen Urlaub abbrechen

to break a habit — mit einer Gewohnheit brechen, sich (dat) etw abgewöhnen

he couldn't break the habit of smoking — er konnte sich das Rauchen nicht abgewöhnen

to break sb of a habit — jdm etw abgewöhnen

5) = penetrate skin ritzen; surface, shell durchbrechen

his skin is bruised but not broken —

to break surface ( submarine fig ) —, fig ) auftauchen

6) = surpass record brechen; sound barrier durchbrechen

7) = open up → ground

8) = tame horse zureiten; person brechen

9) = destroy person kleinkriegen (inf), mürbemachen; resistance, strike brechen; code entziffern; (TENNIS) serve durchbrechen

his spirit was broken by the spell in solitary confinement —

this betrayal nearly broke him — dieser Verrat hätte ihn fast zum Wahnsinn getrieben

to break sb ( financially) —

to break the bank (Gambling) — die Bank sprengen

37p, well that won't exactly break the bank — 37 Pence, na, davon gehe ich/gehen wir noch nicht bankrott

his service was broken (Tennis) — er hat das Aufschlagspiel abgegeben

10) = soften fall dämpfen, abfangen

the wall breaks the force of the wind — der Wind bricht sich an der Mauer

11) = get out of jail, one's bonds ausbrechen aus

to break step (Mil) — aus dem Schritt fallen

12) = disclose news mitteilen

how can I break it to her? — wie soll ich es ihr sagen?

3. INTRANSITIVE VERB

1) in pieces = snap twig, bone brechen; (rope) zerreißen; (= smash, window) kaputtgehen; (cup, glass) zerbrechen

breaking strain — Belastbarkeit f

2) = become useless watch, toy, chair kaputtgehen

3)

= become detached to break from sth — von etw abbrechen

4) = pause (eine) Pause machen, unterbrechen

to break for lunch — Mittagspause machen

5) = change weather, luck umschlagen

6) = disperse clouds aufreißen; (crowd) sich teilen

7) = give way health leiden, Schaden nehmen; (stamina) gebrochen werden; under interrogation etc zusammenbrechen

his spirit broke — sein Mut verließ ihn

8) wave sich brechen

9) day, dawn anbrechen; (suddenly storm) losbrechen

10) voice with emotion brechen

his voice is beginning to break (boy) — er kommt in den Stimmbruch

11) = become known story, news, scandal bekannt werden, an den Tag or ans Licht kommen

the news broke on Wall Street yesterday — gestern platzte diese Nachricht in der Wall Street

12) = escape from jail ausbrechen (from aus) → loose

13)

company to break even — seine (Un)kosten decken

14) BILLIARDS anstoßen

15)

ball to break to the right/left — nach rechts/links wegspringen

16) = let go (BOXING ETC) sich trennen

break! — break!

17) = end relations brechen

4. PHRASAL VERBS

* * *

break¹ [breık]

A s

1. (Ab-, Zer-, Durch-, Entzwei)Brechen n, Bruch m

2. Bruch (-stelle f) m, Durchbruch m, Riss m, Spalt m, Bresche f, Öffnung f, Zwischenraum m, Lücke f (auch fig)

3. fig Bruch m (from, with mit; between zwischen dat):

a break with tradition;

she made a break from her family sie brach mit ihrer Familie; → clean A 15

4. (Wald)Lichtung f

5. a) Pause f (Br auch SCHULE), Unterbrechung f ( auch ELEK):

before (after) the break SPORT vor (nach) der Pause, vor (nach) dem Seitenwechsel;

without a break ununterbrochen;

have ( oder take) a break (eine) Pause machen;

take a break for a cigarette eine Zigarettenpause machen

b) RADIO, TV Werbeunterbrechung f:

we’ll be back again right after the break gleich nach der Werbung geht es weiter

c) Kurzurlaub m:

have ( oder take) a weekend break übers Wochenende verreisen

6. fig, auch LIT Zäsur f, Einschnitt m

7. Ausbruch m (eines Gefangenen), Fluchtversuch m:

make a break for it ( oder for freedom) das Weite suchen, flüchten;

they made a break for the door sie stürzten zur Tür

8. (plötzlicher) Wechsel, Umschwung m:

break in the weather Wetterumschlag m;

at break of day bei Tagesanbruch

9. SPORT Konter m

10. WIRTSCH Preis-, Kurssturz m, Kurseinbruch m

11. MUS

a) Registerwechsel m

b) Jazz: Break m/n (kurzes Zwischensolo)

12. MUS

a) Versagen n (im Ton)

b) Versager m (Ton)

13. Richtungswechsel m

14. Billard:

a) Serie f

b) Abweichen n (des Balles)

15. Boxen: Trennkommando n

16. Pferderennen: Start m

17. umg

a) a bad break Pech n;

a lucky break Dusel m, Schwein n (beide umg)

b) (faire) Chance f:

give sb a break

18. auch break of serve (Tennis) Break m/n (Spielgewinn bei gegnerischem Aufschlag):

he had a break er schaffte ein(en) Break, ihm gelang ein Break

B v/t prät broke [brəʊk], obs brake [breık], pperf broken [ˈbrəʊkən]

1. ab-, auf-, durchbrechen, (er-, zer)brechen:

break open eine Tür etc aufbrechen;

break one’s arm sich den Arm brechen;

break sb’s head jemandem den Schädel einschlagen;

break a glass ein Glas zerbrechen;

break jail aus dem Gefängnis ausbrechen;

break a leg, John! umg besonders THEAT Hals- und Beinbruch!;

break a record fig einen Rekord brechen;

break a seal ein Siegel erbrechen;

break sb’s service, break sb (Tennis) jemandem den Aufschlag abnehmen, jemanden breaken;

he broke service (Tennis) er schaffte ein(en) Break, ihm gelang ein Break; → ass², back¹ A 1, balls A, heart Bes Redew, neck A 2

2. zerreißen, -schlagen, -trümmern, kaputt machen umg

3. PHYS Licht, Strahlen, weitS. Wellen, Wind brechen, einen Stoß oder Fall abfangen, dämpfen, auch fig abschwächen

4. ab-, unterbrechen, trennen, aufheben, sprengen:

break company

a) auseinandergehen,

b) sich wegstehlen;

break a journey eine Reise unterbrechen;

break one’s silence sein Schweigen brechen;

a cry broke the silence ein Schrei zerriss die Stille;

break a set

a) einen Satz (z. B. Gläser durch Zerbrechen eines einzelnen Teiles) unvollständig machen,

b) einen Satz (z. B. Briefmarken) auseinanderreißen;

break a siege eine Belagerung aufheben; → blockade A 1, camp¹ A 1, fast³ B 1, ice¹ A 1

5. ELEK

a) einen Stromkreis oder Kontakt unterbrechen, einen Kontakt öffnen

b) ab-, ausschalten

6. aufgeben, ablegen:

break a custom mit einer Tradition oder Gewohnheit brechen;

break sb of sth jemandem etwas abgewöhnen; → habit 1

7. a) eine Speise, eine Ware, einen Geldschein anbrechen: → bottle¹ A 1, bread Bes Redew

b) einen Geldschein kleinmachen umg (wechseln)

8. fig jemandes Macht, Willen etc brechen, jemanden zerbrechen, jemandem das Rückgrat brechen:

break sb’s resistance jemandes Widerstand brechen;

break sb’s spirits jemandes Lebensmut brechen

9. a) Tiere zähmen, abrichten, ein Pferd zureiten, einfahren, auch jemanden gewöhnen (to an akk):

break a horse to harness (to rein) ein Pferd einfahren (zureiten)

b) ein Auto etc einfahren, neue Schuhe einlaufen, austreten

c) jemanden einarbeiten, anlernen

10. das Gesetz, einen Vertrag, sein Versprechen etc brechen, eine Regel verletzen, eine Vorschrift übertreten, verstoßen gegen, ein Tempolimit überschreiten:

rules are made to be broken Vorschriften sind dazu da, um übertreten zu werden

11. fig vernichten, (auch finanziell) ruinieren oder zugrunde richten, eine Ehe etc zerrütten:

break a will JUR ein Testament (durch gerichtliches Verfahren) aufheben; → bank¹ A 3

12. MIL

a) entlassen

b) degradieren

13. eröffnen, kundtun:

break the bad news gently to sb jemandem die schlechte Nachricht schonend beibringen

14. US umg eine Unternehmung starten

15. HIST foltern, auf der oder die Folter strecken: → wheel A 6

16. a) einen Code etc knacken umg, entschlüsseln

b) einen Fall lösen, aufklären

17. break (the) ground AGR ein Brachfeld umbrechen, -pflügen; → ground¹ A 1

18. MUS

a) einen Akkord brechen

b) Notenwerte zerlegen

C v/i

1. brechen:

break into

a) in ein Haus etc einbrechen,

b) allg und fig eindringen oder einbrechen in (akk):

break into the best social circles; → preserve B 2 b,

c) etwas unterbrechen, hineinplatzen in (akk),

d) fig ausbrechen in (akk):

he broke into laughter; → applause 1,

e) → B 7 a;

break through eine Absperrung etc durchbrechen;

break with mit jemandem, einer Tradition etc brechen; → loose A 1

2. (zer)brechen, zerspringen, -reißen, (-)platzen, entzweigehen, kaputtgehen umg:

the rope broke das Seil riss;

break open aufspringen, -platzen

3. unterbrochen werden

4. (plötzlich) auftauchen (Fisch, U-Boot)

5. sich (zer)teilen (Wolken)

6. zersprengt werden, in Unordnung geraten, weichen (Truppen), sich auflösen (Heer)

7. MED aufbrechen, -gehen (Abszess), aufplatzen (Zyste), platzen, aufspringen (Haut)

8. fig brechen (Herz, Widerstand etc)

9. nachlassen, abnehmen, gebrochen oder zerrüttet werden, verfallen (Geist oder Gesundheit), (auch seelisch) zusammenbrechen

10. umschlagen, mutieren (Stimme):

his voice broke

a) er befand sich im Stimmbruch, er mutierte,

b) ihm brach die Stimme ( with vor Rührung etc)

11. SPORT die Gangart wechseln (Pferd)

12. Tennis: breaken

13. sich brechen, branden (Wellen)

14. brechen (Eis)

15. umschlagen (Wetter)

16. anbrechen (Tag)

17. los-, ausbrechen ( over über dat):

the storm broke der Sturm brach los

18. eröffnet werden, bekannt gegeben werden (Nachricht)

19. WIRTSCH plötzlich im Preis oder Kurs fallen (Ware, Wertpapier)

20. WIRTSCH ruiniert werden, Bankrott machen oder bankrottgehen, fallieren

21. Boxen: sich trennen:

break! break!

22. rennen, hasten:

break for cover hastig in Deckung gehen

23. Pferderennen: starten

24. eine Pause machen:

break for lunch (eine) Mittagspause machen

25. besonders US umg sich entwickeln:

things are breaking well

break² [breık] s

1. Break m/n (Art Kremser mit zwei Längssitzen)

2. Wagen zum Einfahren von Pferden

* * *
1. transitive verb,
broke, broken

1) brechen; (so as to damage) zerbrechen; kaputtmachen (ugs.); aufschlagen [Ei zum Kochen]; zerreißen [Seil]; (fig.): (interrupt) unterbrechen; brechen [Bann, Zauber, Schweigen]

break something in two/in pieces — etwas in zwei Teile/in Stücke brechen

the TV/my watch is broken — der Fernseher/meine Uhr ist kaputt (ugs.)

2) (fracture) sich (Dat.) brechen; (pierce) verletzen [Haut]

he broke his leg — er hat sich (Dat.) das Bein gebrochen

break one's/somebody's back — (fig.) sich/jemanden kaputtmachen (ugs.)

break the back of something — (fig.) bei etwas das Schwerste hinter sich bringen

break open — aufbrechen

3) (violate) brechen [Vertrag, Versprechen]; verletzen, verstoßen gegen [Regel, Tradition]; nicht einhalten [Verabredung]; überschreiten [Grenze]

break the law — gegen das Gesetz verstoßen

4) (destroy) zerstören, ruinieren [Freundschaft, Ehe]

5) (surpass) brechen [Rekord]

6) (abscond from)

break jail — [aus dem Gefängnis] ausbrechen

7) (weaken) brechen, beugen [Stolz]; zusammenbrechen lassen [Streik]

break somebody's heart — jemandem das Herz brechen

break somebody — (crush) jemanden fertig machen (ugs.)

break the habit — es sich (Dat.) abgewöhnen; see also make 1. 15)

8) (cushion) auffangen [Schlag, jemandes Fall]

9) (make bankrupt) ruinieren

break the bank — die Bank sprengen

it won't break the bank — (fig. coll.) es kostet kein Vermögen

10) (reveal)

break the news that... — melden, dass...

11) (solve) entschlüsseln, entziffern [Kode, Geheimschrift]

12) (Tennis)

break service/somebody's service — den Aufschlag des Gegners/jemandes Aufschlag durchbrechen. See also broken 2.
2. intransitive verb,
broke, broken

1) kaputtgehen (ugs.); entzweigehen; [Faden, Seil:] [zer]reißen; [Glas, Tasse, Teller:] zerbrechen; [Eis:] brechen

somebody's heart is breaking — jemandem bricht das Herz

break in two/in pieces — entzweibrechen

2) (crack) [Fenster-, Glasscheibe:] zerspringen

my back was nearly breaking — ich brach mir fast das Kreuz

3) (sever links)

break with somebody/something — mit jemandem/etwas brechen

4)

break into — einbrechen in (+ Akk.) [Haus]; aufbrechen [Safe]

he broke into a sweat — ihm brach der Schweiß aus

break into a trot/run — etc. zu traben/laufen usw. anfangen

break into a banknote — eine Banknote anbrechen

break out of prison — etc. aus dem Gefängnis usw. ausbrechen

5)

break free or loose [from somebody/somebody's grip] — sich [von jemandem/aus jemandes Griff] losreißen

break free/loose [from prison] — [aus dem Gefängnis] ausbrechen

6) [Welle:] sich brechen (on/against an + Dat.)

7) [Wetter:] umschlagen

8) [Wolkendecke:] aufreißen

9) [Tag:] anbrechen

10) [Sturm:] losbrechen

11)

somebody's voice is breaking — jemand kommt in den Stimmbruch; (with emotion) jemandem bricht die Stimme

12) (have interval)

break for coffee/lunch — [eine] Kaffee-/Mittagspause machen

13) (become public) bekannt werden
3. noun
1) Bruch, der; (of rope) Reißen, das

break [of service] — (Tennis) Break, der od. das

a break with somebody/something — ein Bruch mit jemandem/etwas

break of day — Tagesanbruch, der

2) (gap) Lücke, die; (Electr.): (in circuit) Unterbrechung, die

3) (sudden dash)

they made a sudden break [for it] — sie stürmten plötzlich davon

4) (interruption) Unterbrechung, die

5) (pause, holiday) Pause, die

during the commercial breaks on TV — während der Werbespots im Fernsehen

take or have a break — [eine] Pause machen

6) (coll.): (fair chance, piece of luck) Chance, die

lucky break — große Chance

that was a bad break for him — das war Pech für ihn

Phrasal Verbs:

- break away

- break down

- break in

- break into

- break off

- break out

- break out of

- break through

- break up

* * *

(printing) n.

Absatz -¨e (Buchdruck) m. n.

Arbeitspause f.

Bruch ¨-e m.

Lücke -n f.

Pause -n (Schule) f.

Pause -n (Sport) f.

Pause -n f.

Rast -en f.

Umbruch -¨e (von Gefäß) m.

Unterbrechung f. (up) with someone expr.

jemandem die Freundschaft aufkündigen ausdr. v.

(§ p.,p.p.: broke, broken)

= abbrechen v.

aufheben v.

stoppen v.

unterbrechen v.

zersplittern v.

English-german dictionary > break
5 break

break [breɪk]

casser ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (c) briser ⇒ 1 (a), 1 (i), 1 (j) fracturer ⇒ 1 (b) enfoncer ⇒ 1 (e) violer, enfreindre ⇒ 1 (f) rompre ⇒ 1 (h) couper ⇒ 1 (h) ruiner ⇒ 1 (k) amortir ⇒ 1 (l) se casser ⇒ 2 (a) se briser ⇒ 2 (a) se fracturer ⇒ 2 (b) cassure, brisure ⇒ 3 (a) fissure, fente ⇒ 3 (b) ouverture ⇒ 3 (c) interruption ⇒ 3 (d) pause ⇒ 3 (e) évasion ⇒ 3 (f) chance ⇒ 3 (g) changement ⇒ 3 (h)

(pt broke [brəʊk], pp broken ['brəʊkn])

1 transitive verb

(a) (split into pieces → glass, furniture) casser, briser; (→ branch, lace, string, egg, toy) casser;

∎ break the stick in two cassez le bâton en deux;

∎ to break sth into pieces mettre qch en morceaux;

∎ to get broken se casser;

∎ to break a safe forcer un coffre-fort;

∎ Religion to break bread (priest) administrer la communion; (congregation) recevoir la communion;

∎ figurative to break bread with sb partager le repas de qn;

∎ figurative to break sb's heart briser le cœur à qn;

∎ Ross broke her heart Ross lui a brisé le cœur;

∎ it breaks my heart to see her unhappy ça me brise le cœur de la voir malheureuse;

∎ figurative to break the ice rompre ou briser la glace

(b) Medicine (fracture) casser, fracturer;

∎ to break one's leg se casser ou se fracturer la jambe;

∎ to break one's neck se casser ou se rompre le cou;

∎ the fall broke his back la chute lui a brisé les reins;

∎ familiar figurative to break one's back s'échiner;

∎ familiar figurative they broke their backs trying to get the job done ils se sont éreintés à finir le travail;

∎ familiar we've broken the back of the job nous avons fait le plus gros du travail;

∎ familiar I'll break his neck if I catch him doing it again! je lui tords le cou si je le reprends à faire ça!;

∎ familiar figurative break a leg! merde! (pour souhaiter bonne chance)

(c) (render inoperable → appliance, machine) casser;

∎ you've broken the TV tu as cassé la télé

(d) (cut surface of → ground) entamer; (→ skin) écorcher; Law (seals → illegally) briser; (legally) lever;

∎ the seal on the coffee jar was broken le pot de café avait été ouvert;

∎ the skin isn't broken la peau n'est pas écorchée;

∎ to break new or fresh ground innover, faire œuvre de pionnier;

∎ scientists are breaking new or fresh ground in cancer research les savants font une percée dans la recherche contre le cancer

(e) (force a way through) enfoncer;

∎ the river broke its banks la rivière est sortie de son lit;

∎ to break the sound barrier franchir le mur du son;

∎ to break surface (diver, whale) remonter à la surface; Nautical (submarine) faire surface

(f) Law (violate → law, rule) violer, enfreindre; (→ speed limit) dépasser; (→ agreement, treaty) violer; (→ contract) rompre; (→ promise) manquer à; Religion (→ commandment) désobéir à; (→ Sabbath) ne pas respecter;

∎ she broke her appointment with them elle a annulé son rendez-vous avec eux;

∎ he broke his word to her il a manqué à la parole qu'il lui avait donnée;

∎ Law to break parole = commettre un délit qui entraîne la révocation de la mise en liberté conditionnelle;

∎ Military to break bounds violer la consigne

(g) (escape from, leave suddenly) Law

∎ to break jail s'évader (de prison);

∎ to break camp lever le camp;

∎ to break cover (animal) être débusqué; (person) sortir à découvert

(h) (interrupt → fast, monotony, spell) rompre; Electricity (→ circuit, current) couper; Typography (→ word, page) couper;

∎ we broke our journey at Brussels nous avons fait une étape à Bruxelles;

∎ a cry broke the silence un cri a déchiré ou percé le silence;

∎ the plain was broken only by an occasional small settlement la plaine n'était interrompue que par de rares petits hameaux;

∎ Military to break step rompre le pas

(i) (put an end to → strike) briser; (→ uprising) mater;

∎ the new offer broke the deadlock la nouvelle proposition a permis de sortir de l'impasse;

∎ he's tried to stop smoking but he can't break the habit il a essayé d'arrêter de fumer mais il n'arrive pas à se débarrasser ou se défaire de l'habitude;

∎ to break sb of a habit corriger ou guérir qn d'une habitude;

∎ to break oneself of a habit se corriger ou se défaire d'une habitude

(j) (wear down, destroy → enemy) détruire; (→ person, will, courage, resistance) briser; (→ witness) réfuter; (→ health) abîmer; (→ alibi) écarter;

∎ torture did not break him or his spirit il a résisté à la torture;

∎ this scandal could break them ce scandale pourrait signer leur perte;

∎ the experience will either make or break him l'expérience lui sera ou salutaire ou fatale

(k) (bankrupt) ruiner;

∎ her new business will either make or break her sa nouvelle affaire la rendra riche ou la ruinera;

∎ to break the bank (exhaust funds) faire sauter la banque;

∎ humorous buying a book won't break the bank! acheter un livre ne te/nous/ etc ruinera pas!

(l) (soften → fall) amortir, adoucir;

∎ we planted a row of trees to break the wind nous avons planté une rangée d'arbres pour couper le vent

(m) (reveal, tell) annoncer, révéler;

∎ break it to her gently annonce-le lui avec ménagement

(n) (beat, improve on) battre;

∎ to break a record battre un record;

∎ the golfer broke 90 le golfeur a dépassé le score de 90

(o) (solve → code) déchiffrer

(p) Sport

∎ to break sb's service (in tennis) prendre le service de qn;

∎ Hingis was broken in the fifth game Hingis a perdu son service dans le cinquième jeu

(q) (divide into parts → collection) dépareiller; (→ bank note) entamer;

∎ can you break a £10 note? pouvez-vous faire de la monnaie sur un billet de 10 livres?

(r) (horse) dresser

(s) Military (demote) casser

(t) Nautical (flag) déferler

(u) euphemism

∎ to break wind lâcher un vent

2 intransitive verb

(a) (split into pieces → glass, furniture) se casser, se briser; (→ branch, stick) se casser, se rompre; (→ lace, string, egg, toy) se casser;

∎ to break apart se casser ou se briser (en morceaux);

∎ the plate broke in two l'assiette s'est cassée en deux;

∎ to break into pieces se casser en morceaux;

∎ figurative her heart broke elle a eu le cœur brisé

(b) Medicine (fracture → bone, limb) se fracturer;

∎ is the bone broken? y a-t-il une fracture?;

∎ humorous any bones broken? rien de cassé?

(c) (become inoperable → lock, tool) casser; (→ machine) tomber en panne;

∎ the dishwasher broke last week le lave-vaisselle est tombé en panne la semaine dernière

(d) (disperse → clouds) se disperser, se dissiper; Military (→ troops) rompre les rangs; (→ ranks) se rompre

(e) (escape)

∎ to break free se libérer;

∎ the ship broke loose from its moorings le bateau a rompu ses amarres

(f) (fail → health, person, spirit) se détériorer;

∎ the witness broke under questioning le témoin a craqué au cours de l'interrogatoire;

∎ she or her spirit did not break elle ne s'est pas laissée abattre;

∎ their courage finally broke leur courage a fini par les abandonner

(g) (take a break) faire une pause;

∎ let's break for coffee arrêtons-nous pour prendre un café

(h) (arise suddenly → day) se lever, poindre; (→ dawn) poindre; Press & Television (→ news) être annoncé; (→ scandal, war) éclater

(i) (move suddenly) se précipiter, foncer

(j) (weather) changer; (storm) éclater

(k) (voice → of boy) muer; (→ with emotion) se briser;

∎ she was so upset that her voice kept breaking elle était tellement bouleversée que sa voix se brisait

(l) (wave) déferler;

∎ the sea was breaking against the rocks les vagues se brisaient sur les rochers

(m) Obstetrics

∎ her waters have broken elle a perdu les eaux

(n) American familiar (happen) se passer^□, arriver^□ ;

∎ to break right/badly bien/mal se passer

(o) Linguistics (vowel) se diphtonguer

(p) Sport (boxers) se dégager;

∎ break! break!, stop!

(q) Sport (ball) dévier

(r) Sport (in billiards, snooker, pool) donner l'acquit

(s) (idiom)

∎ to break even (gen) s'y retrouver; Finance rentrer dans ses frais

3 noun

(a) (in china, glass) cassure f, brisure f; (in wood) cassure f, rupture f; Medicine (in bone, limb) fracture f; figurative (with friend, group) rupture f; (in marriage) séparation f;

∎ a clean break (in object) une cassure nette; Medicine (in bone) une fracture simple;

∎ the break with her husband was a painful experience ça a été très pénible pour elle quand elle s'est séparée de son mari;

∎ her break with the party in 1968 sa rupture avec le parti en 1968;

∎ to make a clean break with the past rompre avec le passé

(b) (crack) fissure f, fente f

(c) (gap → in hedge, wall) trouée f, ouverture f; Geology (→ in rock) faille f; (→ in line) interruption f, rupture f; Typography (→ in word) césure f; (→ in pagination) fin f de page;

∎ a break in the clouds une éclaircie

(d) (interruption → in conversation) interruption f, pause f; (→ in payment) interruption f, suspension f; (→ in trip) arrêt m; (→ in production) suspension f, rupture f; (→ in series) interruption f; Literature & Music pause f; (in jazz) break m;

∎ guitar break (in rock) (courte) improvisation f de guitare;

∎ Electricity a break in the circuit une coupure de courant;

∎ Radio a break for commercials, a (commercial) break un intermède de publicité; Television un écran publicitaire, une page de publicité;

∎ Television a break in transmission une interruption des programmes (due à un incident technique)

(e) (rest) pause f; (holiday) vacances fpl; British School récréation f;

∎ let's take a break on fait une pause?;

∎ we worked all morning without a break nous avons travaillé toute la matinée sans nous arrêter;

∎ he drove for three hours without a break il a conduit trois heures de suite;

∎ you need a break (short rest) tu as besoin de faire une pause; (holiday) tu as besoin de vacances;

∎ an hour's break for lunch une heure de pause pour le déjeuner;

∎ lunch break pause f de midi;

∎ do you get a lunch break? tu as une pause à midi?;

∎ a weekend in the country makes a pleasant break un week-end à la campagne fait du bien;

∎ familiar give me a break! (don't talk nonsense) dis pas n'importe quoi!; (stop nagging) fiche-moi la paix!

(f) (escape) évasion f, fuite f;

∎ Law jail break évasion f (de prison);

∎ she made a break for the woods elle s'est élancée vers le bois;

∎ to make a break for it prendre la fuite

(g) familiar (opportunity) chance^□ f; (luck) (coup m de) veine f;

∎ you get all the breaks! tu en as du pot!;

∎ to have a lucky break avoir de la veine;

∎ to have a bad break manquer de veine;

∎ this could be your big break ça pourrait être la chance de ta vie;

∎ she's never had an even break in her life rien n'a jamais été facile dans sa vie;

∎ give him a break donne-lui une chance; (he won't do it again) donne-lui une seconde chance

(h) (change) changement m;

∎ a break in the weather un changement de temps;

∎ the decision signalled a break with tradition la décision marquait une rupture avec la tradition

(i) (carriage) break m

(j) literary

∎ at break of day au point du jour, à l'aube

(k) Sport

∎ to have a service break or a break (of serve) (in tennis) avoir une rupture de service (de l'adversaire);

∎ to have two break points (in tennis) avoir deux balles de break;

∎ he made a 70 break (in snooker, pool etc) il a fait une série de 70

►► Computing break character caractère m d'interruption;

Computing break key touche f d'interruption

➲ break away

1 intransitive verb

(a) (move away) se détacher; (escape) s'évader;

∎ I broke away from the crowd je me suis éloigné de la foule;

∎ he broke away from her grasp il s'est dégagé de son étreinte

(b) (end association with) rompre; (province → from State) se séparer;

∎ a group of MPs broke away from the party un groupe de députés a quitté le parti;

∎ as a band they have broken away from traditional jazz leur groupe a (complètement) rompu avec le jazz traditionnel

(c) Sport (in racing, cycling) s'échapper, se détacher du peloton

2 separable transitive verb

détacher;

∎ they broke all the fittings away from the walls ils ont décroché toutes les appliques des murs

➲ break back intransitive verb

(in tennis) = gagner le service de son adversaire après avoir perdu son propre service

➲ break down

1 intransitive verb

(a) (vehicle, machine) tomber en panne;

∎ the car has broken down la voiture est en panne

(b) (fail → health) se détériorer; (→ authority) disparaître; (→ argument, system, resistance) s'effondrer; (→ negotiations, relations, plan) échouer;

∎ radio communications broke down le contact radio a été coupé;

∎ their marriage is breaking down leur mariage se désagrège

(c) (lose one's composure) s'effondrer;

∎ to break down in tears fondre en larmes

(d) (divide) se diviser;

∎ the report breaks down into three parts le rapport comprend ou est composé de trois parties

(e) Chemistry se décomposer;

∎ to break down into sth se décomposer en qch

2 separable transitive verb

(a) (destroy → barrier) démolir, abattre; (→ door) enfoncer; figurative (→ resistance) briser;

∎ we must break down old prejudices il faut mettre fin aux vieux préjugés

(b) (analyse → idea, statistics) analyser; (→ reasons) décomposer; (→ account, figures, expenses) décomposer, ventiler; (→ bill, estimate) détailler; (→ substance) décomposer;

∎ the problem can be broken down into three parts le problème peut se décomposer en trois parties

➲ break forth intransitive verb

literary (light) jaillir; (storm, buds) éclater; (blossom) s'épanouir subitement

➲ break in

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (train → person) former; (→ horse) dresser;

∎ a month should be enough to break you in to the job un mois devrait suffire pour vous faire ou vous habituer au métier

(b) (clothing) porter (pour user);

∎ I want to break these shoes in je veux que ces chaussures se fassent

(c) (knock down → door) enfoncer

2 intransitive verb

(a) Law (burglar) entrer par effraction

(b) (speaker) interrompre;

∎ to break in on sb/sth interrompre qn/qch

➲ break into inseparable transitive verb

(a) (of burglar) entrer par effraction dans; (drawer) forcer;

∎ they broke into the safe ils ont fracturé ou forcé le coffre-fort;

∎ they've been broken into three times ils se sont fait cambrioler trois fois

(b) (begin suddenly)

∎ the audience broke into applause le public s'est mis à applaudir;

∎ to break into a run/sprint se mettre à courir/à sprinter;

∎ the horse broke into a gallop le cheval a pris le galop

(c) (conversation) interrompre

(d) (start to spend → savings) entamer;

∎ I don't want to break into a £20 note je ne veux pas entamer un billet de 20 livres

(e) Commerce (market) percer sur;

∎ the firm has broken into the Japanese market l'entreprise a percé sur le marché japonais

➲ break off

1 intransitive verb

(a) (separate) se détacher, se casser;

∎ a branch has broken off une branche s'est détachée (de l'arbre)

(b) (stop) s'arrêter brusquement;

∎ he broke off in mid-sentence il s'est arrêté au milieu d'une phrase;

∎ they broke off from work (for rest) ils ont fait une pause; (for day) ils ont cessé le travail;

∎ to break off for ten minutes prendre dix minutes de pause;

∎ to break off for lunch s'arrêter pour déjeuner

(c) (end relationship) rompre;

∎ she's broken off with him elle a rompu avec lui

2 separable transitive verb

(a) (separate) détacher, casser;

∎ to break sth off sth casser ou détacher qch de qch

(b) (end → agreement, relationship) rompre;

∎ they've broken off their engagement ils ont rompu leurs fiançailles;

∎ to break it off (with sb) rompre (avec qn);

∎ Italy had broken off diplomatic relations with Libya l'Italie avait rompu ses relations diplomatiques avec la Libye

➲ break open separable transitive verb

(door) enfoncer; (lock, safe, till) forcer; familiar (bottle of wine etc) ouvrir^□, déboucher^□ ;

∎ to break a desk open ouvrir un bureau en forçant la serrure

➲ break out

1 intransitive verb

(a) (begin → war, storm) éclater; (→ disease, fire) se déclarer; (→ fight) se déclencher

(b) (become covered)

∎ to break out in spots or in a rash avoir une éruption de boutons;

∎ to break out in a sweat se mettre à transpirer;

∎ she broke out in a cold sweat elle s'est mise à avoir des sueurs froides

(c) (escape) s'échapper;

∎ to break out from or of prison s'évader (de prison);

∎ we have to break out of this vicious circle il faut que nous sortions de ce cercle vicieux

2 separable transitive verb

(bottle, champagne) ouvrir

➲ break through

1 inseparable transitive verb

(sun) percer;

∎ I broke through the crowd je me suis frayé un chemin à travers la foule;

∎ the troops broke through enemy lines les troupes ont enfoncé les lignes ennemies;

∎ she eventually broke through his reserve elle a fini par le faire sortir de sa réserve

2 intransitive verb

percer; figurative & Military faire une percée;

∎ figurative his hidden feelings tend to break through in his writing ses sentiments cachés tendent à transparaître ou percer dans ses écrits

➲ break up

1 separable transitive verb

(a) (divide up → rocks) briser, morceler; Law (→ property) morceler; (→ soil) ameublir; (→ bread, cake) partager;

∎ she broke the loaf up into four pieces elle a rompu ou partagé la miche en quatre;

∎ illustrations break up the text le texte est aéré par des illustrations

(b) (destroy → house) démolir; (→ road) défoncer

(c) (end → fight, party) mettre fin à, arrêter; Commerce & Law (→ conglomerate, trust) scinder, diviser; Commerce (→ company) scinder; Politics (→ coalition) briser, rompre; Administration (→ organization) dissoudre; (→ empire) démembrer; (→ family) séparer;

∎ his drinking broke up their marriage le fait qu'il buvait a brisé ou détruit leur mariage

(d) (disperse → crowd) disperser;

∎ break it up! (people fighting or arguing) arrêtez!; (said by policeman) circulez!

(e) familiar (distress) bouleverser, retourner;

∎ the news really broke her up la nouvelle l'a complètement bouleversée

(f) American familiar (amuse)

∎ her stories really break me up! ses histoires me font bien marrer!

2 intransitive verb

(a) (split into pieces → road, system) se désagréger; (→ ice) craquer, se fissurer; (→ ship) se disloquer;

∎ the ship broke up on the rocks le navire s'est disloqué sur les rochers

(b) (come to an end → meeting, party) se terminer, prendre fin; (→ partnership) cesser, prendre fin; (→ talks, negotiations) cesser;

∎ when the meeting broke up à l'issue ou à la fin de la réunion;

∎ their marriage broke up leur mariage n'a pas marché

(c) (boyfriend, girlfriend) rompre;

∎ she broke up with her boyfriend elle a rompu avec son petit ami;

∎ they've broken up ils se sont séparés

(d) (disperse → clouds) se disperser; (→ group) se disperser; (→ friends) se quitter, se séparer

(e) British School

∎ we break up for Christmas on the 22nd les vacances de Noël commencent le 22;

∎ when do we break up? quand est-ce qu'on est en vacances?

(f) (lose one's composure) s'effondrer

(g) American familiar (laugh) se tordre de rire

➲ break with inseparable transitive verb

(a) (end association with → person, organization) rompre avec;

∎ the defeat caused many people to break with the party la défaite a poussé beaucoup de gens à rompre avec le parti

(b) (depart from → belief, values) rompre avec;

∎ she broke with tradition by getting married away from her village elle a rompu avec la tradition en ne se mariant pas dans son village

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > break
6 break

break [breɪk]

(verb: preterite broke, past participle broken)

1. noun

   a. (in conversation, programme, line) interruption f ; (in journey) arrêt m ; (at work) pause f ; (at school) pause f, récréation f

• to take a break ( = few minutes) faire une pause ; ( = holiday) prendre des vacances ; ( = change) se changer les idées

• six hours without a break six heures d'affilée

• after the break ( = advertisements) après la pause (publicitaire)

• a break in the clouds une éclaircie

• a break in the weather un changement de temps

• he spoke of the need for a break with the past il a dit qu'il fallait rompre avec le passé

► to make a break

• to make a break for it prendre la fuite

• he made a break for the door il s'est élancé vers la porte

   b. [of bone] fracture f

   c. (literary) at break of day au point du jour

   d. ( = luck, opportunity) (inf) chance f

• he's had all the breaks il a eu toutes les veines (inf)

• she got her first big break in "Sarafina" elle a percé dans « Sarafina »

• give me a break! (inf) ( = leave me alone) fichez-moi la paix ! (inf)

   e. (Snooker) série f

• to have a break of serve (Tennis) faire le break

2. transitive verb

   a. casser ; [+ skin] écorcher

• to break sth in two casser qch en deux

• to break one's leg/one's neck se casser la jambe/le cou

• the bone is not broken il n'y a pas de fracture

• to break open [+ door] enfoncer ; [+ lock, safe] fracturer

• to break ground on a new building (US) commencer à construire un nouveau bâtiment

• to break new or fresh ground innover

• to break one's back se casser la colonne vertébrale

• to break the back of a task (British) faire le plus dur d'une tâche

• to break sb's heart briser le cœur de qn

• to break one's heart over sth avoir le cœur brisé par qch

• to break a record battre un record

   b. [+ promise] manquer à ; [+ treaty] violer

• to break the law enfreindre la loi

• to break a vow rompre un serment

   c. [+ courage, spirit, strike] briser

• to break sb ( = demoralize) briser qn ; ( = ruin) ruiner qn

• television can make you or break you la télévision peut soit vous apporter la gloire soit vous briser

• to break sb of a habit faire perdre une habitude à qn

• to break a habit se débarrasser d'une habitude

• it won't break the bank (inf) cela ne va pas te (or nous or les etc) ruiner

   d. [+ silence, spell] rompre

• to break sb's serve prendre le service de qn

• to break one's journey faire une étape (or des étapes)

   e. [+ fall] amortir

   f. [+ news] annoncer

• try to break it to her gently essayez de le lui annoncer avec ménagement

3. intransitive verb

   a. (se) casser ; [bone] se fracturer

• to break in two se casser en deux

   b. [clouds] se dissiper

   c. [storm] éclater ; [wave] déferler

   d. [news, story] éclater

   e. ( = weaken, change) [health] se détériorer ; [voice] (boy's) muer ; (in emotion) se briser ( with sous le coup de ) ; [weather] se gâter

• he broke under torture il a craqué sous la torture

• his spirit broke son courage l'a abandonné

   f. [dawn] poindre ; [day] se lever

   g. ( = pause) faire une pause

• we broke for lunch nous avons fait une pause pour le déjeuner

   h. (set structures)

► to break even rentrer dans ses fonds

► to break free se libérer

► to break loose [person, animal] s'échapper ; [boat] rompre ses amarres

► to break with sb rompre avec qn

4. compounds

► break-even point noun seuil m de rentabilité

► break-in noun cambriolage m

► break-up noun [of friendship] rupture f ; [of empire, group of states] démantèlement m ; [of political party] scission f

• since the break-up of his marriage depuis qu'il est séparé de sa femme

► break away intransitive verb

(from captor) s'échapper

• to break away from a group se séparer d'un groupe► break down

1. intransitive verb

   a. [vehicle] tomber en panne ; [argument] s'effondrer ; [resistance] céder ; [negotiations] échouer

• after negotiations broke down... après l'échec m des négociations...

   b. ( = decompose) se décomposer ( into en)

   c. ( = weep) fondre en larmes

2. separable transitive verb

   a. ( = demolish) démolir ; [+ door] enfoncer ; [+ opposition] briser

   b. [+ accounts] détailler ; [+ sales figures, costs] ventiler ; [+ substance] décomposer

► break in

1. intransitive verb

   a. ( = interrupt) interrompre

   b. ( = enter illegally) entrer par effraction

2. separable transitive verb

   a. [+ door] enfoncer

   b. [+ engine, car] roder

• it took a month to break in my new shoes cela a pris un mois avant que mes nouvelles chaussures se fassent

► break into inseparable transitive verb

   a. ( = enter illegally) [+ house] entrer par effraction dans

• to break into a safe fracturer un coffre-fort

   b. [+ savings] entamer

   c. [company] to break into a new market percer sur un nouveau marché

   d. to break into song se mettre à chanter

• to break into a run se mettre à courir

► break off

1. intransitive verb

   a. [piece, twig] se casser net

   b. ( = stop) s'arrêter ( doing sth de faire qch)

• he broke off in mid-sentence il s'est arrêté au milieu d'une phrase

2. separable transitive verb

   a. ( = snap off) casser

   b. ( = end) [+ relationship, negotiations] rompre

► break out intransitive verb

   a. [war, fire] éclater

• to break out into a sweat suer ; (from fear) commencer à avoir des sueurs froides

   b. ( = escape) s'échapper (of de)

► break through

1. intransitive verb

( = succeed) percer

2. inseparable transitive verb

[+ defences, obstacles] faire tomber

► break up

1. intransitive verb

   a. [ice] craquer ; [ship in storm] se disloquer ; [partnership] cesser ; [empire] effondrer

• their marriage broke up ils se sont séparés

• to break up with sb rompre avec qn

   b. [crowd] se disperser ; [meeting] prendre fin

• the schools break up tomorrow (British) les cours se terminent demain

   c. [phone line] couper

• you're breaking up je ne te capte plus

   d. (US = laugh) (inf!) se tordre de rire

2. separable transitive verb

   a. [+ chocolate] casser en morceaux

• to break up the soil casser les mottes de terre

   b. [+ coalition] briser ; [+ empire] démembrer

• to break up a marriage briser un couple

• to do sth to break up one's day faire qch pour faire une coupure dans la journée

   c. [+ crowd, demonstration] disperser

• police used tear gas to break up the demonstration la police a utilisé du gaz lacrymogène pour disperser les manifestants

   d. (US = make laugh) (inf!) donner le fou rire à

* * *
[breɪk] 1.
noun

1) ( fracture) fracture f

2) ( crack) fêlure f

3) ( gap) ( in wall) brèche f; (in row, line) espace m; (in circuit, chain) rupture f; (in conversation, match) pause f; ( in performance) entracte m; ( in traffic) trou m, espace m

a break in the clouds — une éclaircie

a break in transmission — une interruption dans la retransmission

4) Radio, Television page f de publicité

5) ( pause) gen pause f; School récréation f

to take a break — faire une pause

to work for six hours without a break — travailler pendant six heures sans s'arrêter

to take ou have a break from working — ne plus travailler pendant un temps

I often give her a break from looking after the kids — je m'occupe souvent des enfants pour qu'elle se repose

6) ( holiday) vacances fpl

the Christmas break — les vacances de Noël

7) fig ( departure) rupture f ( with avec)

a break with tradition — une rupture avec la tradition

it's time to make a ou the break — ( from family) il est temps de voler de ses propres ailes; ( from job) il est temps de passer à autre chose

8) (colloq) ( opportunity) chance f

her big break came in 1973 — 1973 a été l'année de sa veine (colloq)

he gave me a break — il m'a donné ma chance

9) ( dawn)

at the break of day — au lever du jour, à l'aube f

10) ( escape bid)

to make a break for it — (colloq) ( from prison) se faire la belle (colloq)

to make a break for the door — se précipiter vers la porte

11) Sport ( in tennis) break m; (in snooker, pool)

it's your break — c'est à toi de casser

to make a 50 point break — marquer une série de 50 points
2.
transitive verb (prét broke; pp broken)

1) ( damage) casser [chair, eggs, rope, stick, toy]; casser [plate, window]

to break a tooth/a bone — se casser une dent/un os

to break one's leg — se casser la jambe

to break one's neck — lit avoir une rupture des vertèbres cervicales; fig se casser la figure

2) ( rupture) briser [seal]

the skin is not broken — il n'y a pas de plaie

the river broke its banks — la rivière a débordé

3) ( interrupt) [person] rompre [silence]; [shout, siren] déchirer [silence]; couper [circuit]; rompre [monotony, spell, ties, links] ( with avec)

to break one's silence — sortir de son silence (on à propos de)

we broke our journey in Milan — nous avons fait un arrêt à Milan

4) ( disobey) enfreindre [law]; ne pas respecter [embargo, terms]; violer [treaty]; désobéir à [rule]; briser [strike]; rompre [vow]; manquer [appointment]

to break one's word/promise — manquer à sa parole/promesse

5) (exceed, surpass) dépasser [speed limit, bounds]; battre [record]; franchir [speed barrier]

6) ( lessen the impact of) couper [wind]; [branches] freiner [fall]; [hay] amortir [fall]

7) fig ( destroy) [troops] briser [rebellion]; briser [person, resistance, will]

to break somebody's spirit — saper le moral de quelqu'un

to break a habit — se défaire d'une habitude

8) ( ruin) ruiner [person]

9) ( tame) débourrer [young horse]

10) ( in tennis)

to break somebody's serve — faire le break

11) ( decipher) déchiffrer [code]

12) ( leave)

to break camp — lever le camp

13) ( announce) annoncer [news]; révéler [truth]

to break the news to somebody — apprendre la nouvelle à quelqu'un
3.
intransitive verb (prét broke; pp broken)

1) ( be damaged) [branch, chair, egg, string] se casser; [plate, window] se casser; [arm, bone, leg] se fracturer; [bag] se déchirer

to break in two — se casser en deux

the sound of breaking glass — le bruit de verre brisé

2) ( separate) [clouds] se disperser; [waves] se briser

3) ( stop for a rest) faire une pause

4) ( change) [good weather] se gâter; [heatwave] cesser

5) ( begin) [day] se lever; [storm] éclater; [scandal, story] éclater

6) ( discontinue)

to break with somebody — rompre les relations avec quelqu'un

to break with tradition — rompre avec la tradition

7) ( weaken)

their spirit never broke — leur moral n'a jamais faibli

to break under torture — céder sous la torture

8) ( change tone) [boy's voice] muer

in a voice breaking with emotion — d'une voix brisée par l'émotion

•

Phrasal Verbs:

- break away

- break down

- break even

- break free

- break in

- break into

- break off

- break out

- break through

- break up

English-French dictionary > break
7 hand

I [hænd] n
1) рука, ручка, кисть руки

See:

parts of the hand

I have my hands full. — У меня дел по горло.

My hands are cold/are freezing. — У меня замерзли руки.

A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. — Лучше синица в руках, чем журавль в небе. /Не сули журавля в небе, а дай синицу в руки.

Can be counted on the fingers of one hand. — Раз, два и обчелся.

To bite the hand that feeds you. — Рубить сук, на котором сидишь.

To live from hand to mouth. — Перебиваться с хлеба на воду.

One hand washes the other. — Рука руку моет.

The left hand doesn't know what the right hand is doing. — Левая рука не знает, что делает правая.

To know smth as the back of one's hand. — Знать, как свои пять пальцев.

To get smth off one's hands. — С плеч долой. /Скинуть с рук долой.

With my hand on my heart. — Положа руку на сердце.

To die by one's own hand. — Наложить на себя руки.

To change hands. — Переходить из рук в руки.

To get the upper hand. — Взять верх.

Don't put your hand further than your sleeve. — По одежке тяни ножки.

A clean hand doesn't want/need washing no washing. — Нечестно живешь, себя подведешь. /Хлеб соль ешь, а правду режь.

- childish hand
- white hands
- moist hands
- sinewy hands
- left hand
- deft hands
- calloused hands
- olive hands
- nimble hands
- well-groomed hands
- one's shriveled hands
- one's wrinkled hands
- one's bad hand
- one's mutilated hand
- child's hand
- one's wounded hand
- hand covered with sores
- hand with two fingers missing
- hand in a sling
- fracture in one's hand
- sharp pain in one's hand
- with one's hands behind one's back
- with one's folded hands in one's lap co
- with one's hands tied
- with one's own hands
- in one's cupped hand
- keep smth at hand
- wash one's hands
- hold out one's hand to smb
- put one's hands behind one's back

- cross one's hands in one's lap
- treat one's hand
- rub cream into one's hand
- hurt one's hand
- get one's hand frost-bitten
- bandage smb's hand
- carry one's hand in a sling
- join hands
- take smb's hand
- grab somebody by the hand
- hold smth in one's hands
- pass one's hand across one's forehead
- bury one's face in one's hands

- reach one's hand for smth
- bite smb's hand
- go on one's hands and knees
- shake hands with smb
- wave one's hand
- beg smb's hand in marriage
- gain smb's hand
- smb's hands freeze
- smb's hands ache
- smb's hands are tied
- smb is bound hand and foot
2) стрелка (часов)

The hand of the clock is creeping on. — Стрелка часов еле движется.

- hour hand
- hand of the clock
3) власть, контроль, надзор

The matter is now in your hands. — Дело теперь в ваших руках.

His life was in my hands. — Его жизнь была в моей власти.

He is still in the hands of the moneylenders. — Он еще в руках ростовщиков.

The hand of a master can easily be traced in the picture. — В этом полотне ясно видна рука большого художника.

- firm hand
- be in good hands
- get into in good hands
- run the business with a firm hand
- fall into the hands of the enemy
- change hands
- keep smb in hand
- get out of hand
- put the matter in the hands of a lawyer
- put oneself in smb's hands
- keep oneself well in hands
- play into smb's hand
- have someone's fate in one's hands
4) сторона, точка зрения

He sat close on/at my right hand. — Он сидел по правой руке от меня.

A street with shops on either hand. — Улица, по обе стороны которой идут магазины.

- on the one hand
- on all hands co
- on either hand
- on the left hand
- at smb's right hand
- sit on smb's right hand
5) участие, помощь

I have heard the story at first hand. — Я слышал об этой истории из первых рук.

Would you lend me a hand in moving the furniture? — Вы не поможете мне передвинуть мебель?

Could you give me a hand with my luggage? — Вы не поможете мне с вещами?

I had no hand in it. — Я не принимал в этом никакого участия.

The work suggests an unpracticed hand. — Работа, видимо, была выполнена неопытным человеком/автором.

- guiding hand
- have a hand in this affair
- have a hand in smth
- have a hand in the plot
- have no hand in smth
- give smb a hand with a heavy box
- get smb a big hand
- refuse smb's hand
- accept smb's hand
- oil smb's hand
- lend smb a hand in doing smth
6) рабочие руки, рабочий, работник

The factory has taken on (employed) some 12.000 hands. — Фабрика наняла около 12.000 рабочих. /На фабрике работает 12.000 рабочих.

We have not sufficient hands. — Мы испытываем нехватку в рабочей силе.

She is a poor hand at dressmaking. — Она не умеет шить платья.

He is an old hand at this sort of work. — Он имеет большой опыт такой работы.

- field hand
- machine hand
- harvest hands
•

CHOICE OF WORDS:

(1.) Русскому существительному рука 1. соответствуют в английском языке hand (от пальцев до запястья) и arm (от кисти до плеча), поэтому русское словосочетание "нести в руках сумку (книгу, палку)" соответствует в английском языке словосочетаниям: to carry one's bag (book, stick) in one's hand(s), а нести (держать) ребенка на руках - to carry (to hold) a child in one's arms; взяться за руки соответствует to join hands, а идти под руку соответствует to walk arm in arm. (2.) See arm, n; USAGE (1.)
II [hænd] v
вручать, передавать

I handed the note to him myself. — Я сам (лично) вручил ему эту записку.

Hand me those papers, please. — Передайте мне эти документы, пожалуйста

- hand smth to smb

English-Russian combinatory dictionary > hand

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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to wave the big stick

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

to wave the big stick

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